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What is HELLP syndrome? 

Haemolysis ELevated Liver Proteins Low Platelet Count (HELLP) syndrome is a rare and serious blood clotting disorder that can affect some pregnant individuals in the later stages of pregnancy or following birth. In rare cases it can arise before 20 weeks gestation. 

It is named HELLP after the parts of the condition, these are: 

H – Haemolysis – this is where the red cells in the blood break down.
EL – Elevated Liver Proteins – a high number of enzymes in the liver is a sign of liver damage.
LP – Low Platelet Count – platelets are substances in the blood that help it clot. 

Those who have pre-eclampsia or eclampsia can have a higher risk of developing HELLP syndrome. 

Read more about pre-eclampsia here.

Although not all individuals who develop HELLP syndrome display the common symptoms of pre-eclampsia (high blood pressure and protein in the urine).  

The symptoms of HELLP are sometimes mistaken for gastritis, flu, acute hepatitis, acute fatty liver disease or gall bladder disease. 

Page last reviewed: 23-01-2025

Next review due: 23-01-2028